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The gastrointestinal tract is a muscular tube lined by a special layer of cells, called epithelium. The oesophagus is approximately 25cm in length and 2cm in diameter. It extends from the pharynx to the stomach after passing through an opening in the diaphragm. The oesophagus functions primarily as a transport medium between compartments. The small intestine is composed of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. It averages approximately 6m in length, extending from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the ileo-caecal valve separating the ileum from the caecum. Liver acts as a mechanical filter by filtering blood that travels from the intestinal system. It detoxifies several metabolites including the breakdown of bilirubin and oestrogen. The anorectal canal is the terminal part of the gastrointestinal tract. The anorectal canal is referred to as the terminal alimentary tract between the dentate line and anal verge.